صمت العذاب
مشرفة قسم الرياضيات للصف الحادي عشر والثاني عشر::
Unit 4
شرح لقاعدة if
قاعدة"IF"
Conditional Sentences
Type 1: الحالة الأولى
Consists of:
If + Present Simple Tense Will+ infinitive
if + الفعل في زمن المضارع البسيط
في الجزء الذي يليها مباشرة و المضارع البسيط هو عادة التصريف الأول للفعل و مع he, she, it الفعل يأخذ s Will+المصدر
و المصدر هو عادة التصريف الأول للفعل
Examples
1. If I succeed,I will join university.
2. If I know your address, I will send you a letter.
3. He will come to your party if you invite him.
4. If she travels to London, she will visit her uncles.
كما ترى يمكن أن تأتي( if )في وسط الجملة لربط الجملتين و هذا صحيح طالما كان الفعل الذي يليها هو في المضارع البسيط . و هنا لا نضع " ، " فاصلة بين الجملتين كما في المثال رقم 3
Correct the underlined verbs حاول تصحيح الأفعال التي تحتها خط
1. If Amal does her chores her mother awarded her.
2. If Dina asked me, I will answer her.
3. No one will help you if you had behaved like this.
4. Arwa pay the price of the book if she gains money.
الآن حاول اختيار الإجابة الصحيحة Choose the correct answers:
1. Faten (punished-would punish-punishes-will punish) you if you broke her glasses.
2. If Ghada (travels-travelled-will travel-had traveled) to Paris she will visit the Eiffel tower.
3. If Wafaa knows your address, she (sent- would send- will send) you a postcard.
If Type 2: الحالة الثانية
Consists of:
If+ Past simple would + infinitive
If + التصريف الثاني للفعل
( الماضي البسيط) المصدر( التصريف الأول) + would
Examples
• If Ahmad missed the test, he would fail this term.
• Karen would visit the Middle East if she got a vacation.
• If I were Amal, I wouldn't accept his gift.
لاحظ استخدام were مع I وليس was و ذلك لان هذه القاعدة تعني عدم إمكانية حدوث الفعل.
الآن حاول اختيار الإجابة الصحيحة Choose the correct answers:
1- If the enemy invaded our town, we (may defend-defended-would defend) it.
2- I would stop smoking if I (am- are- was- had been) you.
3- If he (had listened- listens- listening- listened) to my advice, he wouldn't fail.
4- We (wouldn't stay- would stay- will stay- would have stayed) until midnight on Monday night if we had a test on Tuesday morning.
3- If type 3
If + Past Perfect
If + Had + P.P التصريف الثالث للفعل Would have + P.P التصريف الثالث للفعل
Examples
• If farmers had known the dangers of chemicals, they wouldn’t have used them.
• I would have sent them letters if I had known their address.
• If I hadn't paid attention, I wouldn't have known the answer.
Usage:
1- To express impossible situations:
- If I had been in you position, I would have done it at once.
2- To express imaginary:
- I f I had be an astronaut, I’d have stayed in space for month.
3- To express regret:
- If I had studied hard, I would have succeeded.
4- Type four/ Zero conditional
Consists of:
If +present simple مضارع بسيط------------------------ present simple مضارع بسيط
General Exercises
A} Choose the correct answer:
1- If you don’t go to bed early, you (feel – will feel – would feel – would have felt) tired in this morning.
2- If I (will know – had known – knew – know), I’d have told you.
3- I (would keep – will keep – keep) better company if I had taken my father’s advice.
4- He will fail if he (don’t study – didn’t study – doesn’t study) hard.
5- He would have bought a house if he (had – had had – would had) a lot of money.
6- I f I (were – will be – would be – had been) you, I would punish him.
7- If the sun rises regularly, plants (will grow – would grow – would have grown – grow).
8- Plants die if they (doesn’t get – don’t get – didn’t get ) enough water.
B} Rewrite:
1- He didn’t win the game because he didn’t play well. ( If--)
………………………………………………………………………………….
2- He couldn’t buy the new books because he lost his money. ( If--)
………………………………………………………………………………….
3- I was playing the Piano. I am sorry, I didn’t know you were asleep. (if---)
………………………………………………………………………………….
4- He didn’t join the army because he was short. ( If---)
………………………………………………………………………………….
5- He isn’t tall enough to join the team. (If ---)
………………………………………………………………………………….
6-Hurry up or you will miss the train. ( If--)
………………………………………………………………………………….
7- You had better eat less bread to lose weight. (If---)
…………………………………………………………………………………
9- He smokes too much, perhaps that’s why he can’t get rid of his cough.(If---)
. ………………………………………………………………………………
10- I didn’t have enough money to buy a car. ( If---)
………………………………………………………………………………
ملاحظة رقم ( 1)
عند إدخال if على جملة لا توجد فيها أصلا يجب مراعاة ما يلي:
* يجب نفي الفعل المثبت مثلا she comes تصبح she doesn't come و العكس إذا كان الفعل منفي بnot نحذفها مثلا she doesn’t speak تصبح she spoke.
* الجملة في المضارع تصبح ماضي ( نطبق قاعدة if الثانية) و إذا كانت الجملة ماضي تصبح ماضي تام ( نطبق قاعدة if الثالثة)
* إذا أدخلنا if على جملها فيها because أو and نغير أجزاء الجملة
مثلا:
He he gets high marks because he studies hard.-
تصبح:
- If he didn't study hard he wouldn't get high marks.
* إذا أدخلنا if على جملها فيها so لا نغير أجزاء الجملة
مثلا: - He studies hard so he gets high marks
تصبح: - If he didn't study hard he wouldn't get high marks
.
شرح لقاعدة if
قاعدة"IF"
Conditional Sentences
Type 1: الحالة الأولى
Consists of:
If + Present Simple Tense Will+ infinitive
if + الفعل في زمن المضارع البسيط
في الجزء الذي يليها مباشرة و المضارع البسيط هو عادة التصريف الأول للفعل و مع he, she, it الفعل يأخذ s Will+المصدر
و المصدر هو عادة التصريف الأول للفعل
Examples
1. If I succeed,I will join university.
2. If I know your address, I will send you a letter.
3. He will come to your party if you invite him.
4. If she travels to London, she will visit her uncles.
كما ترى يمكن أن تأتي( if )في وسط الجملة لربط الجملتين و هذا صحيح طالما كان الفعل الذي يليها هو في المضارع البسيط . و هنا لا نضع " ، " فاصلة بين الجملتين كما في المثال رقم 3
Correct the underlined verbs حاول تصحيح الأفعال التي تحتها خط
1. If Amal does her chores her mother awarded her.
2. If Dina asked me, I will answer her.
3. No one will help you if you had behaved like this.
4. Arwa pay the price of the book if she gains money.
الآن حاول اختيار الإجابة الصحيحة Choose the correct answers:
1. Faten (punished-would punish-punishes-will punish) you if you broke her glasses.
2. If Ghada (travels-travelled-will travel-had traveled) to Paris she will visit the Eiffel tower.
3. If Wafaa knows your address, she (sent- would send- will send) you a postcard.
If Type 2: الحالة الثانية
Consists of:
If+ Past simple would + infinitive
If + التصريف الثاني للفعل
( الماضي البسيط) المصدر( التصريف الأول) + would
Examples
• If Ahmad missed the test, he would fail this term.
• Karen would visit the Middle East if she got a vacation.
• If I were Amal, I wouldn't accept his gift.
لاحظ استخدام were مع I وليس was و ذلك لان هذه القاعدة تعني عدم إمكانية حدوث الفعل.
الآن حاول اختيار الإجابة الصحيحة Choose the correct answers:
1- If the enemy invaded our town, we (may defend-defended-would defend) it.
2- I would stop smoking if I (am- are- was- had been) you.
3- If he (had listened- listens- listening- listened) to my advice, he wouldn't fail.
4- We (wouldn't stay- would stay- will stay- would have stayed) until midnight on Monday night if we had a test on Tuesday morning.
3- If type 3
If + Past Perfect
If + Had + P.P التصريف الثالث للفعل Would have + P.P التصريف الثالث للفعل
Examples
• If farmers had known the dangers of chemicals, they wouldn’t have used them.
• I would have sent them letters if I had known their address.
• If I hadn't paid attention, I wouldn't have known the answer.
Usage:
1- To express impossible situations:
- If I had been in you position, I would have done it at once.
2- To express imaginary:
- I f I had be an astronaut, I’d have stayed in space for month.
3- To express regret:
- If I had studied hard, I would have succeeded.
4- Type four/ Zero conditional
Consists of:
If +present simple مضارع بسيط------------------------ present simple مضارع بسيط
General Exercises
A} Choose the correct answer:
1- If you don’t go to bed early, you (feel – will feel – would feel – would have felt) tired in this morning.
2- If I (will know – had known – knew – know), I’d have told you.
3- I (would keep – will keep – keep) better company if I had taken my father’s advice.
4- He will fail if he (don’t study – didn’t study – doesn’t study) hard.
5- He would have bought a house if he (had – had had – would had) a lot of money.
6- I f I (were – will be – would be – had been) you, I would punish him.
7- If the sun rises regularly, plants (will grow – would grow – would have grown – grow).
8- Plants die if they (doesn’t get – don’t get – didn’t get ) enough water.
B} Rewrite:
1- He didn’t win the game because he didn’t play well. ( If--)
………………………………………………………………………………….
2- He couldn’t buy the new books because he lost his money. ( If--)
………………………………………………………………………………….
3- I was playing the Piano. I am sorry, I didn’t know you were asleep. (if---)
………………………………………………………………………………….
4- He didn’t join the army because he was short. ( If---)
………………………………………………………………………………….
5- He isn’t tall enough to join the team. (If ---)
………………………………………………………………………………….
6-Hurry up or you will miss the train. ( If--)
………………………………………………………………………………….
7- You had better eat less bread to lose weight. (If---)
…………………………………………………………………………………
9- He smokes too much, perhaps that’s why he can’t get rid of his cough.(If---)
. ………………………………………………………………………………
10- I didn’t have enough money to buy a car. ( If---)
………………………………………………………………………………
ملاحظة رقم ( 1)
عند إدخال if على جملة لا توجد فيها أصلا يجب مراعاة ما يلي:
* يجب نفي الفعل المثبت مثلا she comes تصبح she doesn't come و العكس إذا كان الفعل منفي بnot نحذفها مثلا she doesn’t speak تصبح she spoke.
* الجملة في المضارع تصبح ماضي ( نطبق قاعدة if الثانية) و إذا كانت الجملة ماضي تصبح ماضي تام ( نطبق قاعدة if الثالثة)
* إذا أدخلنا if على جملها فيها because أو and نغير أجزاء الجملة
مثلا:
He he gets high marks because he studies hard.-
تصبح:
- If he didn't study hard he wouldn't get high marks.
* إذا أدخلنا if على جملها فيها so لا نغير أجزاء الجملة
مثلا: - He studies hard so he gets high marks
تصبح: - If he didn't study hard he wouldn't get high marks
.